What does “pilot-induced oscillation” mean?

"Pilot-induced oscillation" refers to excessive oscillations in pitch or roll that occur as a result of the pilot's control inputs that are not well-coordinated with the aircraft's response to those inputs. This phenomenon typically arises when a pilot makes rapid or overly aggressive adjustments to the flight controls, which can lead to the aircraft responding in a way that creates a feedback loop of oscillations.

Understanding this concept is critical for maintaining aircraft control, as it highlights the importance of smooth and deliberate inputs rather than abrupt or erratic ones. It underscores the need for pilots to develop a keen sense of the aircraft's dynamics and how their actions directly affect its stability. In contrast, the other options do not accurately define this specific phenomenon, focusing instead on unrelated aspects of aviation or flight operations.